Raymond J. Apthorpe

• People planning and development studies
• Co-operatives and rural development in East Africa
• Development studies
• Evaluating international humanitarian action
• Bougainville reconstruction aid
• Cooperativismo
• Land settlement and rural development in Eastern Africa
• Peasants and planistrators
• Public policy evaluation, meta-evaluation, and essentialism
• Rural cooperatives and planned change in Africa
• Social indicators