Born Translated

As a growing number of contemporary novelists write explicitly for publication in multiple languages, the genreÕs form and aims are shifting. Born-translated novels include passages that appear to be written in different tongues, narrators who speak to foreign audiences, and other visual and formal techniques that treat translation as a medium rather than an afterthought. These strategies challenge the global dominance of English, complicate ÒnativeÓ readership, and protect creative works against misinterpretation as they circulate. They have also given rise to a new form of writing that confounds traditional models of literary history and political community. Born Translated builds a much-needed framework for reading translationÕs effect on fictional works, as well as digital art, avant-garde magazines, literary anthologies, and visual media. Artists and novelists discussed include J. M. Coetzee, Junot Diaz, Jonathan Safran Foer, Mohsin Hamid, Kazuo Ishiguro, Jamaica Kincaid, Ben Lerner, China MiŽville, David Mitchell, Walter Mosley, Caryl Phillips, Adam Thirlwell, Young-hae Chang Heavy Industries, and Amy Waldman. The book understands that contemporary literature begins at once in many places, engaging in a new type of social embeddedness and political solidarity. It recasts literary history as a series of convergences and departures and, by elevating the status of Òborn-translatedÓ works, redefines common conceptions of author, reader, and nation.